M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndi kupita patsogolo kwa anthu ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi zamakono, makamaka kuitanitsa misonkhano ya nyengo ya Copenhagen ndi Cancun, mfundo za mphamvu zobiriwira ndi chitukuko chokhazikika zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri.Monga makampani akutuluka njira, chitukuko cha zipangizo zatsopano ndi mphamvu zatsopano adzakhala latsopano kukula kwachuma mfundo m'tsogolo, amene mosalephera kubweretsa chitukuko mofulumira makampani pakachitsulo ndi photovoltaic makampani.
Choyamba, makampani opanga silicon omwe akukula mwachangu ku China
Malinga ndi ziwerengero za Silicon Nthambi ya China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, mphamvu yopanga silikoni yaku China yakula kuchoka pa matani 1.7 miliyoni/chaka mu 2006 mpaka matani 2.75 miliyoni/chaka mu 2010, ndipo zotulutsa zawonjezeka kuchoka pa matani 800,000 kufika pa matani 1.15 miliyoni. mu nthawi yomweyo, ndi avareji pachaka mitengo kukula kwa 12.8% ndi 9.5% motero.Makamaka pambuyo pavuto lazachuma, ndi ntchito zambiri za silikoni ndi polysilicon zomwe zidapangidwa komanso kukwera kwamakampani opanga magalimoto, kufunikira kwa msika wamafakitale wapakhomo wa silicon kudakula kwambiri, zomwe zidalimbikitsanso chidwi chazachuma chabizinesi m'makampani a silicon, ndi ntchito zake. mphamvu zopanga zidawonetsa kukula kofulumira kwakanthawi kochepa.
Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2010, mphamvu yopanga silicon ya mafakitale yomwe ikumangidwa m'madera akuluakulu ku China yafika matani 1.24 miliyoni / chaka, ndipo akuti mphamvu yopangira silicon yopangidwa kumene ku China ikuyembekezeka kufika pafupifupi matani 2-2.5 miliyoni. / chaka pakati pa 2011 ndi 2015.
Nthawi yomweyo, boma limalimbikitsa mwachangu ng'anjo zamagetsi zazikulu komanso zazikulu zamafakitale za silicon.Malinga ndi ndondomeko ya mafakitale, chiwerengero chachikulu cha ng'anjo zazing'ono zamagetsi za 6300KVA zidzathetsedwa kwathunthu pamaso pa 2014. Akuti mphamvu yopangira ng'anjo zazing'ono za silicon ku China idzathetsedwa ndi matani 1-1.2 miliyoni chaka chilichonse chisanafike 2015. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pakali pano, ntchito zomwe zangomangidwa kumene zimazindikira kukula kwa mafakitale ndi zida zazikuluzikulu chifukwa cha zopindulitsa zapamwamba zaukadaulo, zimalanda msika mwachangu kudzera pazabwino zawo pazinthu kapena zinthu, ndikufulumizitsa kuthetseratu mphamvu yobwerera m'mbuyo.
Choncho, akuti mphamvu yopanga zitsulo zachitsulo zaku China idzafika matani 4 miliyoni / chaka mu 2015, ndipo kutulutsa kwa silicon kwa mafakitale kudzafika matani 1.6 miliyoni nthawi yomweyo.
Malinga ndi kukula kwa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wa silicon, msika wa zitsulo wa silicon m'maiko otukuka akumadzulo udzasintha pang'onopang'ono kupita ku mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene m'tsogolomu, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzalowa mu siteji ya kukula kwachangu, koma kufunikira kudzakhalabe ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikika. makamaka pakufunika kwa mafakitale a silicone ndi polysilicon.Choncho, mayiko akumadzulo ayenera kuonjezera kuitanitsa zitsulo silicon.Kuchokera pamalingaliro azinthu zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso zofunikira, mu 2015, kusiyana pakati pa kufunikira ndi kufunikira kwa zitsulo zachitsulo m'maiko otukuka monga United States, Western Europe, Japan ndi South Korea kudzafika matani 900,000, pomwe China idzatumiza matani 750,000 kumayiko otukuka. kukwaniritsa zofuna zake, pamene mayiko ena otukuka adzapereka zina zonse.Zachidziwikire, m'tsogolomu, boma la China liyenera kulimbitsanso kasamalidwe koyenerera kwa mabizinesi, ndipo likhoza kuonjezera mitengo yamtengo wapatali yogulitsa kunja, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mabizinesi akuluakulu azitumiza kunja kwazitsulo zachitsulo.
Pa nthawi yomweyo, mu ndondomeko ya chitukuko mofulumira makampani dziko polysilicon, China wa polysilicon makampani ali kwenikweni anazindikira kukula kwa mafakitale polysilicon poyambitsa luso lachilendo patsogolo, kaphatikizidwe chimbudzi ndi mayamwidwe ndi luso lodziimira payekha, ndi mphamvu kupanga ndi linanena bungwe. chinawonjezeka mofulumira.Mothandizidwa ndi ndondomeko za dziko, mabizinesi apakhomo adziwa bwino matekinoloje ofunikira a polysilicon podalira luso lodziyimira pawokha komanso kukonzanso matekinoloje obwera kuchokera kunja, kuphwanya ulamuliro ndi kutsekereza ukadaulo wopanga polysilicon m'maiko otukuka.Malinga ndi kafukufuku ndi ziwerengero zoyenera, pofika kumapeto kwa 2010, panali ma projekiti 87 a polysilicon omwe adamangidwa ndikumangidwa ku China.Mwa mabizinesi 41 omwe amangidwa, 3 ndi njira za silane zopanga matani 5,300, 10 ndi njira zakuthupi zopanga matani 12,200, ndipo 28 ndi njira zotsogola za Nokia zopanga matani 70,210.Ntchito yonse yomangidwa ndi matani 87,710;M'mapulojekiti ena 47 omwe akumangidwa, mphamvu yopangira njira ya Siemens idasinthidwa ndi matani 85,250, njira ya silane ndi matani 6,000 ndi zitsulo zakuthupi ndi njira zina ndi matani 22,200.Ntchito yonse yomwe ikumangidwa ndi matani 113,550.
Chachiwiri, kufunikira ndi zofunikira zatsopano za zinthu za kaboni pakukula kwamakampani a silicon pakadali pano
Dongosolo la 12 la zaka zisanu la China likuyika patsogolo mphamvu zatsopano ndi zida zatsopano ngati mafakitale omwe akubwera.Ndi kukula kwachangu kwa makampani opanga mphamvu zatsopano, kufunikira kwamakasitomala kwa silicon yachitsulo chapamwamba kukuchulukirachulukira, zomwe zimafunikira zosungunulira zitsulo zachitsulo kuti ziwonjezere zopangira ndikupangira kupanga chitsulo chachitsulo chapamwamba chokhala ndi zinthu zochepa zovulaza.
Zipangizo za carbon zomwe zimagwira ntchito kwambiri ndizomwe zimapangidwira mafakitale a silicon, ndipo zimakhalira limodzi ndikuchita bwino limodzi.Chifukwa zinthu za kaboni zimakhala ndi kachulukidwe kabwino, kuuma komanso kulimba kwamphamvu, ndipo zimakhala ndi zabwino za kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kuthamanga kwamphamvu, kukana kwa dzimbiri, madulidwe abwino komanso magwiridwe antchito okhazikika, popanga zowotcha za silicon, zinthu za kaboni zimatha kutenthedwa. chidebe (composite graphite crucible) cha mwala wa silicon, ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo otentha poyeretsa polysilicon, kujambula ndodo za crystal silicon imodzi ndikupanga ingots za polysilicon.Chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a zida za kaboni, palibe chinthu china chosinthira.
Mwachitukuko chatsopano, Hebei Hexi Carbon Co., Ltd. yazindikira kukweza kwa kapangidwe kazinthu polimbikira kupanga zatsopano zodziyimira pawokha kuti apitilize kupanga phindu kwa makasitomala ndikukwaniritsa lonjezo la "kupereka zida zatsopano zamagetsi zamagetsi", ndi njira yake imayang'ana mphamvu zatsopano ndi zipangizo zatsopano.
Mu 2020, akatswiri akampani yathu adapanga bwino φ1272mm graphite elekitirodi ndi φ1320mm ma elekitirodi apadera a kaboni a silicon yoyera kwambiri mwa kukhathamiritsa kuphatikiza, kusankha chilinganizo ndikusintha kangapo.Kufufuza bwino ndi chitukuko cha mankhwalawa kumadzaza kusiyana kwa maelekitirodi akuluakulu apanyumba, kufika pamtunda wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo amadziwika ndi makasitomala.Ndi chisankho chabwino kuti makasitomala asungunuke silicon yachitsulo choyera kwambiri.M'zaka zingapo zikubwerazi, ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwina kwa ntchito yoteteza mphamvu ya dziko ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, ng'anjo zing'onozing'ono za silicon zokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zidzathetsedwa.Kugwiritsa ntchito maelekitirodi akulu akulu a graphite ndi ma elekitirodi a kaboni opatulira silicon kudzakhala njira yayikulu pakusungunula ng'anjo yazitsulo zapakhomo.Mtundu uwu wa elekitirodi ali ndi makhalidwe atatu;(1) kachulukidwe kwambiri, kukana otsika komanso mphamvu zamakina apamwamba;(2) Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwamafuta ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwamafuta;(3) Iron, aluminiyamu, calcium, phosphorous, boron ndi titaniyamu ndizochepa, ndipo chitsulo chachitsulo chapamwamba chimasungunuka.
Kuti tikwaniritse zosowa ndi ziyembekezo za makasitomala, timadalira luso lolemera la kupanga ndi luso lamphamvu, kukhazikitsa dongosolo langwiro la ISO9001, kukhazikitsa kasamalidwe ka "7S" ndi "6σ" njira zoyendetsera, ndikupatsa makasitomala zinthu zamtengo wapatali pansi pawo. chitsimikizo cha zida zapamwamba ndi njira yoyendetsera bwino:
(1) Zida zapamwamba ndi chitsimikizo cha luso lapamwamba: Kampani yathu ili ndi ukadaulo wokanda kwambiri wotsogola wochokera ku Germany, womwe umakhala ndi njira yapadera komanso umatsimikizira mtundu wa phala, motero kuwonetsetsa kuti ma elekitirodi amapangidwa.Mu ndondomeko akamaumba, zingalowe awiri njira hayidiroliki kugwedera akamaumba makina anatengera, ndi wapadera pafupipafupi kutembenuka ndi kuthamanga kugwedera ukadaulo kumapangitsa kuti mankhwala khalidwe khola ndi voliyumu kachulukidwe yunifolomu wa elekitirodi zabwino kudzera wololera kugawa nthawi kugwedera;Kwa Kukuwotcha, kufananiza kwa chipangizo choyaka moto ndi dongosolo lodzilamulira lokha kumachitika pa ng'anjo yowotcha mphete.Dongosolo la CC2000FS limatha kuyatsa ndikuwotcha maelekitirodi m'mabokosi azinthu mkati mwa kutentha ndi kupanikizika koyipa kwa bokosi lililonse lazinthu ndi njira yozimitsa moto m'malo otentha ndi malo ophikira.Kusiyanitsa kwa kutentha pakati pa zipinda za ng'anjo zapamwamba ndi zotsika sikudutsa 30 ℃, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti yunifolomu resistivity ya mbali iliyonse ya electrode;Pa mbali Machining, ulamuliro manambala wotopetsa ndi mphero luso anatengera, amene ali mkulu Machining mwatsatanetsatane ndi anasonkhanitsa kulolerana phula ndi zosakwana 0.02mm, kotero kukana kugwirizana ndi otsika ndipo panopa akhoza kudutsa wogawana.
(2) Kasamalidwe kapamwamba kapamwamba: akatswiri owongolera khalidwe la kampani yathu amawongolera maulalo onse molingana ndi kuwongolera kwamtundu wa 32 ndikuyimitsa;Kuwongolera ndi kuyang'anira zolemba zabwino, kupereka umboni wakuti khalidwe la mankhwala limakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zatchulidwa ndipo dongosolo la khalidwe likuyenda bwino, ndikupereka maziko oyambirira a kuzindikira kutsata ndi kutenga njira zowongolera kapena zodzitetezera;Khazikitsani kachitidwe ka manambala azinthu, ndipo ntchito yonse yoyendera ili ndi mbiri yabwino, monga zolembera zowunikira, zolemba zowunikira, zolemba zowunikira zinthu, malipoti owunikira zinthu, ndi zina zambiri, kuti zitsimikizire kutsatiridwa kwa njira yonse yopangira zinthu.
M'tsogolomu, tidzatsatira ndondomeko ya "kudalira sayansi ndi teknoloji ndi kasamalidwe, kupitiriza kupanga ndi kukwaniritsa zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuwonjezera mpikisano wamabizinesi", ndikutsatira cholinga chabizinesi cha "mbiri yoyamba ndikupanga phindu kwa makasitomala" .Pansi pa utsogoleri wa mabungwe amalonda komanso mothandizidwa ndi anzathu ndi makasitomala, tidzapitiriza kupanga zatsopano zamakono ndikupanga zinthu zatsopano kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za makasitomala ndikupanga phindu lalikulu kwa makasitomala.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-25-2021